Wood-turning machine



2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

(No Model.)

J. D. 0mm. WOOD TURNIN/G MACHINE.

No. 280,453. Patented July 3, 1883.

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(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

J. D. CRAIG. WOOD TURNING MACHINE.

N0. 280,453. Patented July 3, 1888.

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UNITED STATES PATENT Fries.

JAMES D. CRAIG, OF DETROIT, MICHIGAN.

WOOD-TURNING MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 280,453, dated July 3, 1883.

Application filed January 3, 1882. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JAMES D. CRAIG, of the city of Detroit, county of Wayne, State of Michigan, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Wood-Turning Machines; and I declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the same, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it pertains to make and use it, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, which form a part of this specification.

My invention consists of the combinations of devices and appliances hereinafter described, and more particulary pointed out in the claims.

111 the drawings, Figure 1 is a plan View, and Fig. 2 a side elevation, of an apparatus embodying my invention. Fig. 3 is asectional view just beyond the tool-carriages; Fig. i, a front elevation of the chuck at the entrance of the barrel; Fig. 5, a side view in section and elevation of the same; Fig. 6, a front elevation of chuck at the discharge end of the barrel; Fig. 7 a separate view of one of the driving cam-wheels. Fig. 8 is a detail view of the engaging-dogs in the feeding-sleeve, and Fig. 9 is a separate detail view of the spring-rest.

It is the object of this invention to facilitate the turning of wooden-waresuch as toolhandles, boxes, &c.by automatic mechanism; and to this end it consists more particularly in providing the barrel with a peculiar chuck at its entering end, said chuck serving to receive the stick and pass it freely forward, yet effectually grasping and holding the stick within the barrel, so as to turn with the barrel and without throwing a lateral. strain upon the feedingdogs; in combining with the barrel a feed ing collar or sleeve, which is free to move longitudinally along the barrel and be reciprocated thereon by a revolving cam-wheel, a flange from which engages the carriage which bears the said collar or sleeve, said collar provided with spring-actuated dogs which enter through slots in the barrel, and, engaging the stick, feed it forward on the advance movement, but ride over the stick on the reverse movement of the sleeve; in combining with the barrel a chuck, at its discharge end adapted to permit the stick to feed freely forward, yet

holding it so that it cannot revolve within the stick and so effect the discharge of the stick;

and in other details of construction, which will be more fully hereinafter set forth, and specifically pointed out in the claims.

In carrying out my invention, A is a suitable frame.

B is a rest, located at a little distance away from the entrance to the feedingbarrel. It is designed to support the stick and guide it into the end of the barrel in an axial direction.

O is the feeding-barrel. It is provided with a pulley, G, or other suitable means for i111- parting rotation to it. At its entrance end is a chuck, D. This chuck is composed of two or more rollers, d", which center the handle properly within the barrel, yet permit it to feed properly and freely forward. It is also provided with one, two, or more spring-dogs, d, which engage with the surface of the stick, so as to prevent any return movement, and at the same time afford more or less resistance to a rotation of the stick within the barrel. Their principal function, however, is to prevent the stick from receding as the feeding-dogs in advance of them recede to take a new hold. At the other end of this barrel 0 is anoth er chuck, D, which is provided with one, two, or more edge-wheels which revolve freely, so as to permit the stick to feed forward; but by setting into the surface of the stick they prevent it from revolving within the barrel as the turn ing-tools are operating upon it. These wheels are shown at G.

D is a sleeve setting over and revolving with the feeding-barrel. It is engaged with a sliding carriage, D-, which carriage is reciprocated forward and back in the direction of the length of the sti ck by a cam-wheel, D", beneath, and as it thus reciprocates it carries the sleeve D with it. Upon this sleeve are feeding-dogs so timed as to cause the tools to approach and d, which are pivoted thereto and held to their work by springs (I. The extremities of these dogs pass through elongated slots d in the barrel and come into contact with the stick within the barrel, so that at each advance of the carriage D and sleeve D the dogs d will engage and feed the stick forward, but will ride over the surface of the stick on the return movement of the carriage. The wheels 0 pre vent any lateral strain upon these dogs, and they are therefore always free to act. The camwheel D, beneath the carriage D", is driven by any suitable power, and its rim, which engages the carriage, is made with a removable section, d, so that in case it is desired to give the carriage a greater or less travel it can be accomplished by simply replacing this removable piece with a piece corresponding with the desired travel.

E and E are the supports for the turningtools. These supports are upon sliding carriages E and E, which are connected, by means which will be presently described, to the sliding carriage-bases E mounted under the table. There are two of these bases, one for each of the sliding carriages, and they receive their motion from cams E, into grooves of which pins project from the bases. These cams are recede at the proper times to and from the stick being turned.

0 represents a clamp for a turning-tool, and it is rendered capable of adjustment up or down through narrow limits by means of an adjust ing-screw, a, so that for slight adjustments of the knife or tool it is not necessary to loosen the clamp which holds it.

c' is a templet, which engages the rear end of the tool support or holder E, and as the tool advances to its work, causes the edge of the tool to approach nearer to the axis of the stick, and thus gives to it the simultaneous forward and inward movement that a workman would give to the tool if he were turning by hand.

The tool-supports are mounted upon 'ays 6 formed upon the l-ongitudinally-moving plates L. Projecting downward from the tool-supports, through openings in the plates L and the table, are arms E, which are attached at to sliding plates E, mounted upon the bases E of the carriages. Each of the sliding plates E is connected, by a spring, 0, with astationary lug at the opposite end of its carriagebase, and said spring draws the plate E against a stop, 0", projecting from the base and serving to hold the plate in its proper place against the stress of the spring. The spring holds the plate E with sufficient force to keep the tool well to its work. If, however, the stick should cease to revolve, or any other contingency arise which would prevent the tools from advancing any farther, the springs would yield and permit the tools to remain at rest while the carriages completed their travel. without endangering the tools or other mechanism.

F is a rest located 3' u st in advance of the feeding-barrel. It assists to support the stick at this point as itis being turned, and brevents the extreme end of any stick from beingthrown violently from the machine as it emerges from the end of the feeding-barrel.

G is another rest located upon the opposite side of the turning-tools from the latter. ltis rigidly supported against either a lateral or an up or down movement, but has a longitudinal movement so as to get out of the way and permit of the discharge of the stick after it has been turned. It is held in place by a spring, g.

H is the boring-carriage. Its tool is rotated by a belt upon the pulley H, while the tool itself is causedto advance and recede by a camwheel, H located beneath the table. This boring-tool is also preferably connected with an auxiliary carriage, Hf, located upon the carriage H, and held to its work by the tension of a suitably-located spring, h, which will yield in case the boring-tool is not permitted to advance for any reason, and will permit the boring-carriage to complete its travel without in j uryto the tool. This contingency mightarise by the stick ceasing to rotate.

I is a rod, so engaging with the rest G that when the boring-carriage is about completing its travel to the rear after it has done its work this rod will act to spring the restGlongitudinally away from the stick and permit the discharge of the latter.

The operation of this device is as follows: The rough wood is supposed to have been put through a stick-machine before it enters this machine. The stick thus rounded is introduced in the guides or rests B at the entrance of the machine, and its end is inserted into the entrance of the feeding-barrel and pushed forward until the feeding-dogs engage with it. As it enters the barrel the chuck 1) sets it to revolving with the barrel. N ow, as the camwheel D rotates, its flange (1 causes the feeding-sleeve D and the dogs (1 to reciprocate, and as they advance they carry the stick forward the required distance for a handle. As the stick emerges from the feeding-barrel the wheels of the chuck D engage it firmly, so as to hold it against the action of the knives. A. sufficient length having protruded to extend through the two rests F and G, the turning tools approach, driven by their eam-wheels beneath. The tool upon E is in the nature of a roughing-tool,whichremoves themass ofwood, while that upon E is a finishing-tool to smooth and dress the work, and a suitable tool on the same carriage may then sever the stick. Simultaneously with the turning, the boring-carriage advances and bores out the box or toolhandle cavity, and the roughing-tool chuck may also be arranged to carry a tool for making the ferrule-seat for the next handle, if the device is being employed for making too1-handles. The handle having been completely turned, the rest G is sprung away, as explained, just in time to discharge the device as it is severed from the stick, and another length is fed forward, as before.

Instead of the feeding-dogs being upon the sliding collar or sleeve D and projecting therefrom directly through slots in the barrel, these dogs may, if desirable, be projected to the rear and engage the stick along that part which has not yet entered the feeding-barrelQ I am aware that cogged centering-rollers have been used in wood-turning machines, and that spring-dogs have been used to prevent back ward movement of the stick being turned. I

am also aware that the tool-holder has been adjusted, by means of an adj usting-screw, both above and under the table, and that the toolclamp has been mounted upon a crank-lever, by means of which it is elevated and depressed by the operator, who grasps the handle'of said lever. I do not claim any of these features.

What I claim is 1. In a wood-turning apparatus, a feedingbarrel provided at its entering end with a chuck having one or more centering-rollers and one or more spring-dogs, which permit the advance of the stick but prevent its re turn movement, as specified.

2. In a wood-turning apparatus, a feedingbarrel provided at its entering end with a chuck having one or more concaved centeringrollers and one or more spring-dogs, which permit the advance of the stick but prevent its return movement, as specified.

3. The chuck D at the discharge end of the feeding-barrel, consisting of one, two, or more edge wheels adapted to engage the stick and prevent rotationwithin the barrel, yet permit a free longitudinal feed, substantially as described.

4. The revolving sleeve D having feedingdogs held constantly in one direction by springs, and the longitudinally-reciprocating carriage,

combined with a cam-wheel and operating. .means, as and for the purposes specified.

5. The combination, with the reciprocating carriage which drives the stick-feeding sleeve D, of a cam-wheel, D, arranged to rotate at right angles to the travelof the carriage, a flange from the cam-wheel made to engage the carriage and impart to it its reciprocating movement, the spring-dogs d d, and operating means, substantially as described.

6. .The combination of the cam-wheel D having removable and interchangeable sections (1 for varying the feed at will, with the carriage and the sleeve D, having the spring-dogs d d, as specified.

7. The combination, with the carriage having a forward movement in a line transverse to the axis of the spindles, and having the roughing-tool pivoted as shown, of the templet having a slot engaging the outer end of the. tool holder or support, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

8.'The combination of the tool-holder and its connected sliding plate E, and the sliding base E of the spring 6 having one end at tached permanently to the base and the other end connected to the sliding plate, and means for limiting the movement of said sliding plate under the influence of the spring, substantially as described.

9. The combination, with the sliding carriage having a movement at right angles to the axis of the stick to be turned, of the sliding plate mounted upon said carriage and con nected to the tool-holder, which has its sup port 011 the bed of the machine, and the spring connecting said sliding plate to said carriage and arranged to yield, and so permit the sliding plate and the tool-holder to remain stationary while the carriage advances, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

10. The wood-turning mechanism consisting of the revolving feeding-barrel, a reciprocat ing feeding-sleeve located upon said barrel, a chuck at the discharge end of the barrel for preventing rotation of the stick within the barrel, one or more automatic tool-carriages, E E, a yielding rest, G, and reciprocating boring-carriage, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I sign this specification in the presence of two witnesses.

J. EDW. WARREN, SAMUEL E. THOMAS. 

